Teenage Suicide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

High school Suicide - Essay Example Self destruction is the third driving reason for death for youth and young people ages 15-24 years of age, showing that all adolescent are at incredible hazard for self destruction (American Association of Suicidology 1). Self destruction is currently the fourth driving reason for death for youth between the ages of 10-14 (Crosby 2). Self destruction can influence all adolescent paying little mind to ethnicity or financial status; be that as it may, there include been quick increments inside explicit ethnic gatherings. So as to address this issue among our secondary young understudies, it is imperative to investigate who is at most serious hazard, to distinguish chance components, and to recognize likely defensive elements. Furthermore, self destruction counteraction and early intercession programs executed in schools ought to be surveyed in regards to their viability. What isn't successful ought to be altered likewise. Ethnic Differences European American, African American, Hispanic , and Native American youth are completely influenced by self destruction. Self destruction among our childhood is generally common for white guys (Crosby, 5). As per the Centers for Disease Control, 73% of all suicides including grown-ups are white guys. Notwithstanding, over the most recent two decades, among African American male youth ages 10-14, self destruction rates have significantly increased and for a long time 15-19 the self destruction rate has multiplied (Capuzzi 38). Furthermore, the Centers for Disease Control has-distinguished that the Hispanic youth self destruction rate is expanding. Moreover, their paces of self destruction ideation and endeavors are expanding at amazing numbers (O'Donnell et al., 39-40). Local American youth additionally have history of a high pace of self destruction endeavors (Capuzzi, 38). In spite of the fact that the European American populace has consistently spoken to the most elevated extent of suicides among every ethnic gathering, it is critical to see the entirety of our childhood, paying little heed to ethnicity, as in danger, considering the ongoing changes in self destruction measurements in the most recent decade. Various variables add to the explanations behind self destruction endeavors for every ethnic gathering. This should be viewed as while making a viable youth self destruction anticipation and early intercession program. Presently, European American youth are the essential beneficiaries of emergency intercession managing self destruction conversely with their Hispanic companions who are most drastically averse to get mediations (Kataoka, Stein, Leiberman, and Wong, 1444). This might be affecting the increments in self destruction endeavors and fulfillments among this segment gathering. Hazard Factors for Suicide There has not been a particular profile made to early distinguish all young in danger for self destruction ideation or self destruction endeavors. The writing recommends, be that as it may, th at there are some regular recognizing qualities to consider, albeit alone they are not pointers. Some normal attributes of youth may warrant the consideration of grown-ups to all the more likely assess these understudies for self destruction ideation. Since self destruction is the third driving reason for death for young people in the United States, it is critical to prepare the network to recognize those in danger. Stressors youth are managing might be the trigger for self destruction endeavors, which are frequently hasty reactions by youth to get away from their issues (Crosby 2). The impulsivity of the demonstration further shows the requirement for early mediation among youth managing sensational or life-affecting conditions. Examination has noticed a few practices that might be displayed by an adolescent who has self destruction ideation. These practices incorporate, however are not constrained to, the absence of worry for individual government assistance, social changes, decre ase in school execution, including participation designs, change in eating and resting propensities, another distraction with savagery and demise, expanded explicitly indiscrimination, and other unsafe practices, including substance use (Capuzzi, 40; Guo and Harstall, 11-15). Not all

The NPV and the Management in Sales Forecasts Essay

The NPV and the Management in Sales Forecasts - Essay Example The vast majority of the organizations while causing interest in buying of resources for consider either buying legitimately or buying through rent. Organization additionally center or consider the point what are the normal advantages related with both of these strategies. Consequently this technique offers the organization or the board a chance to crit formally assess whether the organization needs to purchase this through a credit or with money close by. It is hard for the administration to take that much money from the organization as its influences its liquidity factor. In this way this devices encourages the administration to look at these choice and afterward settle on a productive choice in capital speculations or planning. In this causes the administration to maintain a strategic distance from or limit the potential blunders in dynamic. Another manner by which the NPV factor extraordinarily encourage to survive or limit the potential mistakes in dynamic is Price investigation . Evaluating of an item or administration depends on numerous variables like competitor’s valuing, the genuine expense caused in making the last item or administrations. What's more, value volume relationship. The estimating examination causes the administration to assess every one of these variables while settling on the most ideal choice. Furthermore, here too the NPV fills in as a best device to beat the blunders in dynamic. NPV gives a reasonable picture whether the organization can acquire the potential money results from the estimating system or how it could be improved. In addition, NPV encourages extraordinarily to the administration in Advance Analyses of various issues or zones and settles on a positive choice as far as capital planning and dynamic.

Blog Archive Dartmouth College (Tuck) Essay Analysis, 20162017

Blog Archive Dartmouth College (Tuck) Essay Analysis, 2016â€"2017 *Please note: You are viewing an essay analysis from the 2016-2017 admissions cycle.  Click here to view our collection of essay analyses for the current admissions season.   The Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College has made a few tweaks to its admissions essays this season. The admissions committee has put a small “spin” on the conventional essay where students are to outline their career goals and explaining their need for a Tuck MBA specifically. Now, you will be asked to explain how you envision yourself as a “wise leader,” which we will discuss in our analysis. For its second required essay, the school has long been asking applicants to discuss leadership, but this year, it has pivoted away from that topic to focus on diversity instead. Thereafter, you have the opportunity to craft an optional essay to mitigate any weaknesses in your candidacy, if any such issues exist. We believe that with these options, applicants should be able to present a well-rounded picture of themselves to the admissions committee. Now we will delve more deeply into each of the individual prompts… Essay 1: Tuck educates wise leaders who better the world of business. What are your short- and long-term goals? How will a Tuck MBA enable you to become a wise leader with global impact? (500-700 words) (Note: This is the revised version of Essay 1 posted on July 11, 2016.) As noted, this is a classic personal statement with a slight spin â€" wherein you will need to explain how you will be a “wise leader with global impact.” In writing this essay, you should give context for your goals, thoroughly explain them and then discuss how Tuck will facilitate said goals.  It is in this “facilitation” piece that you will have an opportunity to reveal not only that you have a plan to use specific Tuck resources, but that you also have expectations for these resources and their impact on you. So, it will not be enough to explain that you intend to engage with a club or a class, but you need to have a clear understanding of what you will get out of an experience and how it will contribute to your growth (wisdom) and your ability to have your broad impact. We expect that the impact piece will stifle many an applicant, but you don’t need to explicitly state that you will change the world as we know it. Instead, you need to own your future experiences and show that your goals while not necessarily earth shattering are meaningful to you and consequential for others. And because personal statements are similar from one application to the next, we have produced the  mbaMission Personal Statement Guide, which helps applicants write this style of essay for any school. We offer this guide to candidates free of charge. Please feel free to  download your copy today. For a thorough exploration of Dartmouth Tuck’s academic program, merits, defining characteristics, crucial statistics, social life, academic environment, and other key features, please check out the  mbaMission Insider’s Guide to the Tuck School of Business. Essay 2: As a diverse and global community, our students arrive at the same place from many different paths. Tell us about an experience in which you have had to live, learn and/or work with other people very different from yourself. What challenges and/or opportunities did you experience, how did you respond, and what did you learn about yourself as a result? (500 words) The school says on its Web site that “truly understand[ing] how others live, work, and do business” is “a requirement for today’s leaders”â€"and Tuck is interested in creating and promoting effective leaders. Likewise, community and collaboration are important themes that appear often in Tuck’s descriptions of its MBA program. So naturally, the school wants to know that you are both open to and equipped for this kind of environment and will be able to not only constructively contribute to it but also extract the most from it personally. This will require demonstrating that you possess self-awareness in conjunction with a willingness to hear, consider, and even adopt the views and ideas of others. One thing to recognize first is that “other people very different from yourself” is a descriptor that extends beyond the most obvious types of differences, such as race, gender, and citizenship. If the experience you ultimately choose to write about did indeed involve such clear-cut differentiators among the participants, that may make writing this essay a little easier for you. But perhaps your experiences to date have not exactly resembled a melting pot or the ones that have were not very influential or affecting. Consider, then, that you can be different from others based on religion (or lack thereof), political mind-set, age, educational background, professional experience, economic strata, familial situation (think only child versus someone with multiple siblings), working or leadership styles, morals, and almost countless other ways. The emphasis here is not on the kind of difference involved but on your interpretation of and response to it. As you work to identify a story from your lifeâ€"professional, personal, or community relatedâ€"that involved some kind of meaningful interaction with others who were unlike you in some notable way, keep in mind that Tuck is not asking simply for a narrative that shows you have merely encountered or interacted with different kinds of people. The admissions committee wants to know that the incident you have chosen to showcase held some personal value for you. Ideally, your story will convey that you have the kind of emotional intelligence that Tuck would like to see. Given that you have just 500 words with which to set the scene and discuss the three components the school requestsâ€"the challenges/opportunities you experienced, your response to these, and what you ultimately discovered about yourselfâ€"we suggest that you forego any kind of general introduction and launch directly into your story, immediately placing your reader in the middle of the action. From there, let the narrative unfold naturally, making sure that the nature of the difference between you and the other individual(s) involved is clearly presented, as is either the difficulty that arose from the dissimilarity or the opportunity it created. You must then explicitly address the feelings and thoughts you had as a result and any subsequent actions you took. The other crucial element of this essay is demonstrating that you learned from the experienceâ€"do not gloss over this part or offer a trite or clichéd statement as a kind of afterthought. And specifically, you must share that you learned something about yourself. So, claiming that you gained a new skill, for example, would not constitute an appropriate response. You will need to delve more deeply into how your understanding of yourself differed after the situation and clearly explain what the experience brought out in you that you had not known about yourself before. Optional Essay: Please provide any additional insight or information that you have not addressed elsewhere that may be helpful in reviewing your application (e.g., unusual choice of evaluators, weaknesses in academic performance, unexplained job gaps or changes, etc.). Complete this question only if you feel your candidacy is not fully represented by this application. Applicants may be tempted to take advantage of this optional essay, but we strongly encourage you to resist any such temptation and submit an optional essay only if your candidacy truly needs it. This is most certainly  not  the place to paste in a strong essay you wrote for another school or share an anecdote you were unable to incorporate into either of the primary essays. Again,  only if your profile has a noticeable gap of some kind or would provoke any lingering questions on the part of an admissions officerâ€"such as a poor grade or overall GPA, a low GMAT score, a gap in your work experience, etc.â€"should you take this opportunity to provide additional information. In our  mbaMission Optional Essays Guide, available through our online store, we offer detailed advice on when and how to take advantage of the optional essay (as well as multiple sample essays) to help you mitigate any problem areas in your profile. Reapplicant Essay: (To be completed by all reapplicants) How have you strengthened your candidacy since you last applied? Please reflect on how you have grown personally and professionally. Whether you have improved your academic record, received a promotion, begun a new and exciting project, increased your community involvement, or taken on some sort of personal challenge, the key to success with this essay is conveying a very deliberate path of achievement. Tuck wants to know that you have been actively striving to improve yourself and your profile, and that you have seized opportunities during the previous year to do so, because a Tuck MBA is vital to you. The responses to this essay question will vary greatly from one candidate to the next, because each person’s needs and experiences differ. We are more than happy to provide one-on-one assistance with this highly personal essay to ensure that your efforts over the past year are presented in the best light possible. 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Chaucers Revelation of Corruption in the Medieval...

Corrupt and deceitful practices run among the Church’s clergy. Selfish acts such as the selling of indulgences occur all over. Many ignorant people buy into these lies and become the victims of the corrupt clergy of the Church. Author Geoffrey Chaucer shows how he views the Church in his acclaimed work The Canterbury Tales. In the book, Chaucer mentions how many people who are associated to the church take advantage of common people. Such exemplar characters of the book are The Pardoner and The Summoner. Both men are men of god and they use that to cheat others out of their money. With this in mind, Chaucer’s negative view of the Church is shown from the influence it had in medieval society. Likewise, one such example of the†¦show more content†¦As a result of this, many other innocent people are influenced by the corrupt power of the church and lose a lot of their money to relics which turn out to be of no use in the long run. Furthermore, another charact er that depicts Chaucer’s view towards the Church is the friar. He represents the opposite of what a good friar should represent. Which should be a humble and caring man. He is a very corrupt limiter and is very good at doing so. Instead of dealing with the poor, common folk, or other humble people he hangs out with the rich: â€Å"But anywhere where profit might accrue† (253). He loves to live the good life by cheating others out their money. And since the rich have the most money he likes to hang out with that crowd. The friar is not a man of god at all and this is self explanatory since: â€Å"He knew the taverns well in every town / And every innkeeper and barmaid too† (244-245). He is pretty much an alcoholic who likes to live off of others. All in all, the friar is an excellent example of Chaucer’s negative view towards the Church since he is just as corrupt as the other clergy. In addition, the influence the Church has is tremendous through out the people. Those who are associated with the Church have a lot of power since they influence many. No matter what they do, many believe them. That is why many are corrupt since they know that no one questions the Church’s authority. Questioning the Church isShow MoreRelatedA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 PagesZiel des Weisen von Pseudo-Magriti, Translated into German from the Arabic by Hellmut Ritter and Martin Plessner, London, The Warburg Institute, University of London, 1962 French B. Bakhouche, F. Fauquier, B. Pà ©rez-Jean: Picatrix Un traità © de magie mà ©dià ©val. 388 p., 130 x 210 mm, 2003, Paperback ISBN 2-503-51068-X, EUR 37.91. Newest critical edition. French S. Matton, La magie arabe traditionelle, Paris, 1977 (incomplete) Latin Picatrix: The Latin Version of the Ghà ¢yat Al-Hakà ®m, ed. David Pingree

Racial Inequality And Inequality Of Child Welfare

I. Conceptualize Framework Racial disproportionality and disparity in child welfare represents a multifaceted phenomenon originating from historical, theoretical socioeconomic and policy trends that has shaped this service over the past decades. There are many theories that have been proposed to explain why racial disproportionality and disparity exists in child welfare. It has been recognized the underlying roots of racial disproportionality and disparity are intricate and often coincides. Racial disproportionate in child welfare will be the focus of this research. I will focus on Racial Bias and Discrimination of the child welfare agencies, particularly the child protective services. The research suggests the one of the reasons for the over representation of minority(colored) children in child welfare come from the different treatment of race or due to racial biases (Chung, 1998). This theory also suggests this treatment can be external or internal in the welfare system; however I will focus only on the impl ication of internal welfare agencies (i.e. child protective specialist). Child protective specialists’ culture and policies may lead to unbalanced treatment of families of color. CPS workers may have biases towards families of color which could affect the decision making at any point of the investigation. This may not have occurred intentionally by the worker, however, due to institutional racism, which may stem from policies and practices has posited to contribute toShow MoreRelatedRacial Inequality And Discrimination Of Child Welfare1656 Words   |  7 PagesConceptualize Framework Racial disproportionality and disparity in child welfare represents a complex phenomenon emanating from historical theoretical socioeconomic and policy trends that has shaped this service over the past several decades. There are many theories that have been proposed explain why racial disproportionality and disparity exists in child welfare. It has been recognized the underlying roots of racial disproportionality and disparity are complex and often coexists. Racial disproportionateRead MoreEffects Of The 1996 Welfare Reform Essay1488 Words   |  6 Pageseffects of the 1996 welfare reform bill helped declined caseloads on the social and economic well-being of fragile families, single mothers, and children. Although, the welfare reform was documented for making several positive changes such as reducing poverty rates, lowering the out of-wedlock childbearing, and formulated a better family structure, it is undeniable that poverty remained high among single mothers and their children. The reality of the matter was that most welfare recipients experiencedRead MoreSummary Of Lawrence Hills The Illegal707 Words   |  3 Pagesdiscrimination, identity loss, and abuse; however, through these life experiences they gain insight into the true reality of life which results in them maturing. Hill emphasizes that prolonged discrimination is a factor that results from the differences in racial ethnicity; which allows characters to enhance their perspective about equality and the harsh reality of life. In The Illegal, Keita struggles being a young black individual in an all white country and is forced into hiding because â€Å"if you were definedRead More A Social Injustice: the effects of social inequalities in foster care and child welfare3164 Words   |  13 Pagesridden areas of Brooklyn and my mother worked for the Department of Social Services in Child Welfare and the Bureau of Public Assistance, initially as a case-worker, in Brooklyn as well. It was because of their experiences in the â€Å"field† and interacting with those less fortunate then we were that I gained a certain level of knowledge and understanding of the unfortunate mishaps of people of my culture and the inequalities inflicted upon the black community. Yet the most influential aspects of my knowledgeRead MoreThe Effect Of Interracial Adoption On A Child s Racial Identity933 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effect of Interracial Adoption On A Child’s Racial Identity In 1972 the National Association of Black Social Workers (NABSW) passed a resolution, which said, â€Å"Black children should be placed only with black families whether in foster care or adoption. Black children belong physically, psychologically and culturally in black families in order that they receive the total sense of themselves and develop a sound projection of their future.... Black children in white homes are cut off from the healthyRead MoreEssay about Intolerance of Homosexuals in a Tolerant Culture578 Words   |  3 PagesIntolerance of Homosexuals in a Tolerant Culture In this country there is a serious problem. This land that was founded on All are created equal we have a problem: inequality. Culturally, we have welfare and other social programs to help racial minorities and any other minority you can think. Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Judaism, and Christianity form the basis for the religious miasma that is the U.S. So you can see religious and cultural differences are accepted. We live in a tolerant societyRead MoreThe Poverty Of The United States1486 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica is one of the wealthiest nations in the world with having a high inequality than other industrialized countries. Inequality exists in income, wealth, power and education. People who are legally and socially poor in the United States tend to stay in a cycle through life, not always by choice, but because they are given less opportunities, education and tools to achieve their success. The poverty stricken class has a significantly larger income gap than the upper cla ss, the American Dream isRead More Poverty and Inequality Essay1855 Words   |  8 PagesPoverty and inequality exist in every developed culture and often are only patched in order for society to continue upwardly. Poverty and inequality in the United States exists for many reasons; reasons that very from the prospective lens. Interpretive theories in particular ask us to question our reality and its constructs. Interpretive theories require us to looks at the world as a social realm, one that we created and constantly change. Interpretive theories study the relationship between powerRead MoreEconomic Development Patterns Of Employment And Retirement915 Words   |  4 Pagesto Americans needing more medical care services. Inequalities of health are still occurring amongst the racial, cultural, and socioeconomic groups. Continual research and observations are crucial so we can get a clear understanding of the reasons of these inequalities and in what way they correlate to social, e conomic, and aspects of our health care system and create interventions to help in decreasing these inequalities. Also, there are inequalities for differences for the possibilities for a physicallyRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System Is A Topic Where Everyone Disagrees With Everyone Else? Essay2092 Words   |  9 Pageslighter punishments, and the fact that it reproduces inequality affects every American both economically and socially. It can be argued that all judges and juries are biased in some ways or not at all and this has to do with the races, skin color, gender, and sometimes the ages of the criminals who are put on trial. Race and Justice system A phenomenon called â€Å"disproportionate minority contact† is a name for the overrepresentation of racial minorities in the criminal justice system relative to

The Concept Of Intrinsic Motivation Theory - 852 Words

In addition to Maslow’s self- actualization and moreover, there is self-determination theory (SDT), which suggests that people are motivated to grow and change by innate psychological needs. The theory identifies three key psychological needs that are believed to be both innate and universal: the needs for competence, connectedness and autonomy. The concept of intrinsic motivation plays an important role in self-determination theory. Psychologists Edward Deci and Richard Ryan developed SDT and determined motivation to be that which people tend to be driven by; a need to grow and gain fulfillment. The first consideration of self-determination theory is that people are actively directed toward growth, mastering challenges, and taking on new experiences, which are essential for developing a cohesive sense of self. Explained further by Deci and Ryan (2002), SDT begins by embracing the assumption that all individuals have natural, innate, and constructive tendencies to develop an ever more elaborated and unified sense of self. That is, we assume people have a primary propensity to forge interconnections among aspects of their own psyches as well as with other individuals and groups in their social worlds. SDT embodies a wide-ranging outline for human motivation and personality. SDT articulates a meta-theory for framing motivational studies, a formal theory that defines intrinsic and a variety of extrinsic motivations. Furthermore, SDT also focuses on how social andShow MoreRelatedMotivation Concepts Table and Analysis872 Words   |  4 PagesMotivation Concepts Table and Analysis PSY 320 Motivation Concepts Table and Analysis Motivation Concepts Table Theory Name | Major Theorist(s) | Time Period Created | Key Theory Concepts | Will: | Descartes | 1637 | Will motivates all actions.Will is an initiated and directed action. | | Ruckmick | 1963 | Striving to create impulses to act.The ability to resist self-denial or temptation. | | Rand | 1964 | Helps to decide whether or not to act. | Instinct | Darwin | 1859-1872Read MoreThe Effect Of Motivation On Children s Life1373 Words   |  6 Pagesduring this stage that ensures their future success. Motivation is seen as a drive or curiosity to learn. Motivation directs behavior to accomplish tasks. It also helps with persistence and improved performance. One of the most common problems we come across handling children is that they lack motivation or do not show interest in learning. This has been one of the main concerns as children’s minimal effort may lead to poor performance. Motivation plays a vital role in increasing positive thoughtsRead MoreThe Theory Of Self Advocacy1162 Words   |  5 Pagesfrequency of needed reminders, and supports that have been given to help the student with this specific skill. By utilizing a self-monitoring checklist, the student can take an active role in observing progress towards achievement of the goal. The concept of self-advocacy also can be expressed in the student’s selection of short term and long term goals which not only pertain to course selection and steps needed to achieve success in those courses but also how courses go hand-in-hand with the selectionRead MoreHow Motivation Helps Motivate Those Who They Lead Essay1291 Words   |  6 Pagesto getting results and productivity. Motivation is a substantial psychological aspect of everyday life, and when it comes to the working environment, the ability to understand and utilize motivation becomes even more consequential. In a broad sense, work motivation is a combination of internal and external forces that lead to a certain direction, attitude, and longevity, in reference to work related behavior and tasks. There is certainly an aspect of motivation that is self-implemented. Simply, ifRead MoreQuestions On The Industrial Revolution1668 Words   |  7 Pages RAFAEL Z. I/O PSYCHOLOGY FINAL PAPER 1 More Bang For Your Buck? Pay vs. Motivation Rafael Zavala Fall 2015 RAFAEL Z. I/O PSYCHOLOGY FINAL PAPER 2 Table of Contents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Review of Major Theory†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 Review of Chosen studies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4-7 Rà ©fà ©rences†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 Author’s Reflection†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 RAFAEL Z. I/O PSYCHOLOGY FINAL PAPER 3 Ever since the marking of the Industrial Revolution (1760-1840)Read MoreThe Importance Of Motivation As A Teacher1512 Words   |  7 PagesImportance of Motivation As explained by Lou Holtz, â€Å"[i]t’s not the load that breaks you down, it’s the way you carry it.† His statement is true for the importance of motivation. As a teacher candidate, learning the concept of motivation is crucial for my well-being and for the future of my students. The way that students are taught and encouraged have a huge impact on their careers and their life. In this paper I will be exploring how I was motivated during my earlier years and how the motivation shiftedRead MoreMotivation - Extrinsic and Intrinsic1014 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ ESSAY #2 Motivation: Extrinsic to Intrinsic Motivation is a key factor in determining business success or failure. Successful organizations relentlessly seek to operate with a clear understanding of employee needs , and develop specific focus’ on how to meet them. Two key theories in organizational motivation are expectancy theory and equity theory. Both theories focus on the outcomes of a given decision or system rather than on individual employee needs. The goal of both processRead MoreThe Self-Determination Theory by Edward Deci and Richard Ryan1720 Words   |  7 PagesThe motivation of different individuals can vary for many reasons, two of those reasons can be internal and external factors. The internal factors are referred to as intrinsic motivators and the external factors are signified as extrinsic motivators. The Self-Determination Theory developed by Edward Deci and Richard Ryan is constructed on the basis of three distinctive psychological essentials, which include competence, relatedness, and autonomy (sel f-determination) (Moneta, 2004, p. 181). In orderRead MoreDifferent Theories of Motivation1736 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Motivation is a reason or set or reasons for engaging in a particular behavior, especially human behavior as studied in psychology and neuropsychology. The reasons may include basic needs (e.g., food, water, shelter) or an object, goal, state of being, or ideal that is desirable, which may or may not be viewed as positive, such as seeking a state of being in which pain is absent. The motivation for a behavior may also be attributed to less-apparent reasons such as altruism or moralityRead MoreEssay on Different Theories Of Motivation1724 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Motivation is a reason or set or reasons for engaging in a particular behavior, especially human behavior as studied in psychology and neuropsychology. The reasons may include basic needs (e.g., food, water, shelter) or an object, goal, state of being, or ideal that is desirable, which may or may not be viewed as positive, such as seeking a state of being in which pain is absent. The motivation for a behavior may also be attributed to less-apparent reasons such as altruism or morality

Accounting For Corporate Entities International Financial Reporting

Question: Discuss about the Accounting For Corporate Entities for International Financial Reporting. Answer: Part A The Australian Governments requirement to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by the Australian firms for yearly reporting periods starting from 1st Jan 2005 and onwards has put forth several challenges for financial accountants in the country. Though amendments in accounting standards and introducing new standards is a constant phenomenon, however, the complete espousal of an entirely novel set of accounting standards in the country is without any precedent. Many domains of financial reporting have encountered considerable changes. One domain where sizeable impact was seen is intangible assets. Currently, the reporting system in the nation that addresses the disclosure of intangible assets is primarily overseen by AASB 138 Intangible Assets, and AASB 136 Impairment of Assets, that became enforceable from 1st January 2005 (Griff, 2014). The ensuing paragraphs analyze the recognition and disclosure of intangible assets by Australian entities following the introd uction of AASB 138 in 2005. The shift to IFRS in Australia has had material implications for the financial reporting and disclosure treatments pertaining to intangible assets. Before the espousal of IFRS, there was no equivalent standard to the newly formed AASB 138. The only relevant standard addressing the question of reporting and accounting for the intangibles was AASB 1013 Accounting for Goodwill. Together with AASB 1015 Accounting for the Acquisition of Assets, that obligated business acquisitions to be accounted for through the use of purchase method, AASB 1013 established the model to treat this crucial category of intangible (Australian Government, 2005). Quintessentially it necessitated that goodwill emanating during acquisition should be accounted for in the consolidated balance sheet of the company acquiring the other company and later on be paid off against earnings following the straight line method over a period of not more than twenty years (Dagwell, Wines and Lambert, 2011). Though AASB 1013 widely addressed the suitable treatment of goodwill, there did not exist a holistic framework that established the reporting and accounting requirements pertaining to identifiable intangible assets like mastheads, licenses, patents, brand names and so on. Resultantly, the treatment of such assets was not consistent among Australian companies (ICCA, 2012). This new standard applied to assets acknowledged as non-monetary and identifiable having no physical existence, including trademarks, research and development, goodwill, brand names and mastheads. As per AASB 138, only those intangible assets which are acquired at cost get recognition, whereas, intangible assets that are generated internally do not get any recognition. The exception to this rule is goodwill which can be accounted for during its acquisition as a component of business merger (Carlin and Finch, 2010). Besides this, intangible assets like in-process RD obtained through a business merger should be separately recognized from goodwill if they emerge as an outcome of legal or contractual rights or are distinguishable from the business (Steenkamp and Steenkamp, 2016). The AASB 138, deals with defining, recognizing and disclosing intangible assets and mandates financial statements to reveal for every distinctive category of intangible asset: a) useful life, method and rate of amortization, and b) accumulated amortization and the total carrying amount during the start and end of accounting period. AASB 138 has made fundamental changes in the manner in which intangible assets were recognized, accounted and treated in the Australian continent. The IFRS adoption implies that formerly treated intangible assets that were generated internally required being de-recognized. This would also include internally generated mastheads, brand names, goodwill, customer lists, publishing titles and the likes (Cheung, Wright and Evans, 2008). During the pre-adoption era, the likely impact of IFRS on companies reported performance has been frequently discussed in specialized accounting literature. It has been extensively agreed by academics and practitioners that AASB 138 is likely to have a material effect on the financial statements of such companies that would be compelled to derecognize some forms of intangible assets like brand names. Brand names and other such intangible assets may symbolize a considerable fraction of value for the companies, with many asserting that most of their market value pertains to brands (Australian Government, 2004). Ji and Lu (2014) examined the projected impact of the AASB 138 by evaluating the financial reports of a fictitious company. They identified that the fictitious company is likely to witness a fall in its net assets and a rise in its debt to equity ratio. The researchers concluded that one impact of AASB 138 may be a rise in the number of companies facing difficulties in fulfillin g their existent debt covenants, and that these companies are likely to make adjustments in their financial records to satisfy the debt covenant mandates required by banks. AASB 138 allows two grounds for measuring intangible assets post their original recognition. Under the cost model, intangible assets are measured at cost minus accumulated amortization if any and accumulated impairment loss if any. Under the revaluation model, the intangible assets are measured at revalued amount. Para 78 of the standard says that trademarks, patents, mastheads, etc. do not have active markets as each of these assets is unique (Australian Government, 2010). If the revaluation model has to be employed then every asset falling in same category should be measured by the same framework. However, as not many intangible assets possess active market, the applicability of revaluation model will be very rare and hence intangible assets are not likely to be revalued under AASB 138. In conclusion it can be stated that AASB 138 has been introduced in Australia with the aim to set down the treatment of intangible assets that are not specifically addressed in any other standard. The introduction of IFRS norms in the country has altered the state of affairs pertaining to the treatment of intangibles substantially. A wholesale set of standards governing both unidentifiable and identifiable intangible assets are now present. In many instances, this has led to considerably distinct treatment becoming the rule the most apparent being the movement from an amortization based treatment of goodwill to an impairment based regime. Australian companies have shown skepticism regarding the advantages that accrue from the adoption of IFRS and AASB 138 in particular. They have expressed concerned regarding de-recognition of intangible assets generated internally and the restrictions to an entitys capacity to revalue the intangible assets. The reason behind such concern is that AA SB 138 necessitates intangible assets having a fixed useful life to be paid off during such useful life and the intangible assets having an imprecise life are subject to the test of impairment. Part B Journal entries related to issue and forfeiture of share Journal Entries in the books of Gilt Edge Investment Ltd Amount in $ Sr. No. Date Particular Dr. Amount Cr. Amount 1 28.02.2016 Bank a/c Dr. 1800000 To Share Application A/c 1800000 (Being application money received from on shares. (as per working note1) ) 2 28.3.2016 Share Application A/c Dr 1800000 To Share Capital A/c 1000000 To Share Allotment A/c 800000 (Being amount received on share application money transferred to share capital account and remaining amount to share allotment account ) 3 28.3.2016 Share Allotment A/c Dr. 440000 To First Call A/c 40000 To Second Call A/c 40000 To Share Capital A/c 360000 (Being the additional amount received on application adjusted against first call and second call and remaining amount paid back) 5 28.03.2016 First Call A/c 40000 Second Call A/c 40000 To Share Capital A/c (Being amount transferred to capital account) 6 28.3.2016 Preliminary Expenses 20000 To Banks A/c 20000 ( Being share issue expenditure paid) 7 15.4.2016 Bank A/c Dr. 240000 To Share Allotment A/c 240000 (Being amount received by remaining shareholders of allotment) 8 15.05.2016 Share Allotment A/c Dr. 240000 To Share Capital A/c 240000 (Being amount transferred to share capital account) 154000 9 1.06.2016 Bank A/c Dr. 154000 To First Call A/c (Being amount received by remaining shareholders of allotment) 10 1.06.2016 First Call A/c Dr. 154000 To Share Capital A/c 154000 (Being amount transferred to share capital account) 11 15.06.2016 Share Capital A/c Dr. 48000 To Forfeiture Account 48000 (Being shares forfeited and amount transferred to forfeiture account (working note 2)) 12 20.06.2016 Bank A/c Dr 48000 Forfeiture Account Dr. 6000 To share capital account 54000 (Being the discount on reissue adjusted against credit balance of share forfeiture account) 13 30.06.2016 Share Allotment A/c Dr 270000 To Bank A/c 270000 (Being amount refunded to defaulting shareholders) 14 30.06.2016 Preliminary Expenses A/c Dr. 4000 To Bank A/c 4000 (Being expenses paid related to forfieture of shares) Working Notes Working Note for ascertaining shares according to pro-rata basis: Sr. no. Applicants No. of shares allocated Shares 1 100000 100000/500000*400000 80000 2 200000 200000/500000*400000 160000 3 200000 200000/500000*400000 160000 Working Note 1 Calculation of share application money Sr. no. Applicants Amount Paid Amount 1 100000 100000*5 500000 2 200000 200000*4 800000 3 200000 200000*2.5 500000 1800000 Working Note 2 Calculation of balance in forfieture account Sr. no. Particular Amount 1 No. of shares forfeited 12000 shares 2 Amount received on share application 30000 3 Amount received on share allotment 18000 Total amount received 48000 Part C Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income in one statement and classification of expenses within profit and loss by function Note (Amount in $) Income Sales 4,50,000 Expenses Cost of Sales 2,28,000 Inventory on hand 1,56,000 Gross Profit 5,22,000 Salary wages 42,000 Other Expenses 9,600 Depreciation 1 82,500 Insurance 19,000 Rent 4,600 Provision of Long Service Leave 8,000 Impairment of accounts receivables 2,000 Profit before Tax 3,54,300 Income Tax Expense (30%) 2 1,06,290 Profit for the year after tax 2,48,010 Notes to Account Note 1. Depreciation Particular Motor Vehicle Plant Equipment Office Furniture Opening Balance 44000 190000 96000 Depreciation as per books 11000 47500 24000 Closing Balance 33000 142500 72000 Total 82500 Journal Entries Sr. No. Date Particular Dr. Amount Cr. Amount 1 30.06.2016 Income Tax expense A/c Dr. 106290 To Current Tax Liability A/c 106290 (b) Assets Carrying Amount Tax Base Taxable Temprory Difference Deductible Temporary Differences Accounts receivable (net) 43000 45000 2000 Motor Vehicle 33000 28000 5000 Plant Equipment 142500 136000 7000 Office Furniture 72000 51000 21000 Provision for LSL 8000 0 8000 Insurance 13200 13200 13200 Rent 13000 0 13000 Total Temporary Difference 23200 46000 Deferred tax liability 30% 6960 13800 Deferred tax asset 30% Beginning balances Increase/(Decrease) 6960 13800 Depreciation as per taxation norms Particular Motor Vehicle Plant Equipment Office Furniture Opening Balance 44000 190000 96000 Depreciation as per books 16000 54000 45000 Closing Balance 28000 136000 51000 Total 115000 Journal Entry Sr. No. Date Particular Dr. Amount Cr. Amount 1 30.06.2016 Deferred Tax Asset A/c Dr. 6960 Provision for Tax Expenses A/c Dr 113130 To Deferred Tax Liability A/c 13800 To Income Tax Payable 106290 References Australian Government. (2004). Disclosing the Impacts of Adopting Australian Equivalents to International Financial Reporting Standards. [pdf]. Available through: https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/AASB1047_04-04.pdf. [Accessed on 6th October 2016]. Australian Government. (2005). Consolidated Financial Reports in relation to Pre-Date-of-Transition Stapling Arrangements. [pdf]. Available through: https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/INT1013_04-05.pdf. [Accessed on 6th October 2016]. Australian Government. (2010). Intangible Assets. [pdf]. Available through: https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/AASB138_07-04_ERDRjun10_07-09.pdf. [Accessed on 6th October 2016]. Carlin, M. T. and Finch, F. (2010). Resisting compliance with IFRS goodwill accounting and reporting disclosures: Evidence from Australia. Journal of Accounting Organizational Change, Vol. 6 Iss: 2, pp.260 280. Cheung, E., Wright, S. and Evans, E. (2008). The adoption of IFRS in Australia: The case of AASB 138 (IAS 38) intangible assets. Australian Accounting Review, Vol. 18, Iss: 3, pp. 248-256. Dagwell, R., Wines, G. and Lambert, C. (2011). Corporate Accounting in Australia. Pearson Higher Education AU. Deegan, C. (2014). Financial Accounting Theory. McGraw Hill Education AU. Griff, M. (2014). Professional Accounting Essays and Assignments. Lulu Press. ICCA. (2012). Chartered Accountants Financial Reporting Handbook. John Wiley Sons. Ji, X. and Lu, W. (2014). The value relevance and reliability of intangible assets: Evidence from Australia before and after adopting IFRS. Asian Review of Accounting, Vol. 22 Iss: 3, pp.182 216. Steenkamp, N. and Steenkamp, S. (2016). AASB 138: catalyst for managerial decisions reducing RD spending? Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, Vol. 14, Iss: 1, pp.116 130.

How Does Foreign Trade Impact on The US Economy

Introduction Trade between the United States and the rest of the world has played a significant role in the growth and development of the US economy over the past years. The growth of foreign trade in the US grew much faster after the Second World War. The trade between the US and the rest of the world is vital because the US is a superpower nation.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on How Does Foreign Trade Impact on The US Economy? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are a number of benefits that arise from the trade relationship between the US and the rest of the world. First, the exports and imports of goods and services results in an improvement in the standards of livings of the citizens. This comes about because exports generate revenue to the economy while imports increase the amount of commodities available for consumption. This further leads to a reduction in the prices of goods and services. On the ot her hand, foreign trade has a negative impact on the economy in a number of ways. A major drawback is the risk of survival of the domestic industries. Economists argue that foreign trade results in the reduction of job opportunities and wages. This can be attributed to the fact that an increase in import leads to a reduction in the amount of goods and services produced by local firms. On the contrary, surveys show that the imposition of restrictions on trade does not favor both consumers and the producers (McTeer 1). Background Economic globalization The contemporary economies of the world are characterized by economic globalization. These economies experience a rapid growth of foreign trade and cross border investments. This has resulted in a transfer of international labor across various states and a change in the industrial structure of the economies. There are certain variables that have grown significantly due to economic globalization. To start with, studies show that there is rapid growth of foreign trade. According to the statistics provided by the World Trade Organization’s (WTO), the volume of world trade increased by 15% to reach a value of $11.76 trillion. The increase is equivalent to a growth of world trade by 8% (McTeer 1). Secondly, the statistics provided by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) indicate that there is a significant growth in the volume of foreign direct investment (McTeer 1). For instance, the statistics show that the amount of international direct investment inflows amounted to $1.271 trillion. The value in the current year has grown tremendously (McTeer 1).Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More An increase in foreign direct investment has resulted in growth and development of several economies. Thirdly economic globalization has resulted in rapid flow of resources across the world. Rapid reorganization of factors of production has been observed in various sectors across the globe. This can be attributed to high – end and high – tech transfer in the manufacturing sector. Further, foreign direct investment has resulted in the exchange of resources (capital mobility) and knowledge. The transfer of knowledge leads to an accumulation of knowledgeable human capital in a country (Tianzhu, Sun and Cui Riming 1). Foreign trade policy Various countries have come up with a number of policies to govern trade with their trading partners. Such policies have a significant effect on trade with other nations. The foreign trade and trade policy of the United States is quite contentious because the country has continued to maintain an open market policy. The international trade policy of the country has undergone various amendments (Irwin 1b). These changes occur as the political leadership changes. Thus, it can be noted that the international trade policies depend on t he political regime. For instance, during the Clinton administration significant adjustments were made to the foreign trade policy (Irwin 1b). For instance, the administration altered the traditional adherence to the free trade strategy and introduced a more practical fair trade strategy. Further, the management concentrated on the development of international trade. They treated this expansion as a priority to the development goal of the country. Further, the administration also actively implemented strategic trade policies that resulted in an increase the competitive advantage of domestic firms both in the domestic and foreign markets. Specifically, the government of the US came up with the new policy orientation ad strategy choice. This foreign trade policy aimed at promoting economic safety within the United States. It also enabled the country to acquire large international market. The policy was geared towards improving the economic security of the country. In the process of pa rticipating international trade, the country needs to protect the strategic high-tech companies (Irwin 1b). This can achieved by coming up with the trade policies and tariffs that will protect the domestic industries. In addition, the country should ensure that in the process of implementing the open market and open trade policy, the quality of goods and services brought into the country is not compromised.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on How Does Foreign Trade Impact on The US Economy? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, the quality of goods and services must be similar to the goods and services traded in the open market. This can be achieved by coming up with standards for measurement of quality. The same concept is being practiced in Japan and Germany (Irwin 1b). The favorable trade policy in the US has resulted in tremendous growth of export of goods and services within the US. For instance, between 19 92 and 1996, the value of exports increased from $736.7 billion to $1,032.4 billion. The change is equivalent to a 40% increase (McTeer 1). During the same period, the export became the key factor that contributed to the expansion of the US economy. Even though the country has experienced a deficit in the balance of trade, that is, the value of imports often exceeded the value of exports. The tremendous increase in the volume of export has resulted in a trade surplus. This has led to the positive growth of the value of gross domestic product (GDP) of the country. For instance, the in the first quarter of the year 2007, the value of exports was 12 percent while the value of imports was 17 percent of the GDP (McTeer 1). Thus, the resulting trade deficit was approximately 5 percent of the GDP. However, in the third quarter of the same year, the value of exports was 13 percent while the value of imports was 16 percent of the GDP (McTeer 1). Thus, the resulting trade deficit was approxim ately 3 percent of the GDP. The resulting trade deficit declined by approximately 2 percent of the GDP (McTeer 1). It can be observed that there has been a continuous increase in the volume of export with a corresponding decline in the proportion of imports. This has narrowed down the gap between exports and imports (McTeer 1). Aim of the paper The paper seeks to analyze the impact of foreign trade in the economy of the US. Specifically, the paper will analyze the impact of foreign trade on GDP, standard of living (measured using per capita income), and other variables. Literature review There are a number of studies that have been carried out to analyze the impact of foreign trade on the US economy. Besides, there has been continuous debate on the trade-off between the positive and negative impact of trade on the US economy. This has called for the needs to come up with policies that create a balance between the negative and positive impact of trade.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More An example of such study was carried out by Robert Krol in the year 2008 (Krol 1). In the study, â€Å"the author carried out a review of the empirical studies that evaluate the impact of foreign trade on the US economy† (Krol 3). Specifically, the author focused on the factors that cause an increase in foreign trade, the positive impact of foreign trade, the effect of foreign trade on employment and wages, and the cost of restrictions on foreign trade. Krol reviewed the work of various scholars and came up with a number of observations (Krol 4). To start with, Krol observed that the concept of comparative advantage was a key motivator for international trade. This implies that countries still engage in trade on the basis of their comparative advantage (Krol 4). Further, Krol observed that there are a number of factors that explain the growth of foreign trade. The study showed that the growth of income explains about sixty six percent of growth in foreign trade, trade freedom accounts for twenty five percentage of the growth of foreign trade and a decline in the transportation cost explains the rest of the expansion of foreign trade (Krol 4). Thus, it can be observed that the three factors explain the growth in foreign trade. The study also pointed out that a change in government policies on foreign trade had a significant impact on the expansion of foreign trade. A change in any of the factors will result in a change of the volume of international trade. The research further indicated that an expansion of foreign trade has contributed to a high rate of growth in the economy. It also contributed to the growth of income in economies that are open. The author has indicated that a unit growth of trade results in a unit growth of per capita income (Krol 4). Further, removal of trade barriers across the world will result in an increase in the growth of world income by approximately $2 trillion. Such action will result in the growth of income of the US econom y by about $500 billion. Therefore, the results of the research show that free trade between nations results in significant economic benefits. Further, Krol observed that competition that arises as a result of free trade results in lower prices of goods and services. Besides, such competitions lead to an increase in the variety of goods and services that are being offered to the consumers (Krol 4). On the contrary, Krol observed that loss of jobs occurs in sectors of the economy that are not open to foreign trade. Statistics in the study show that foreign trade affects only fifteen percent of the work force. Further, the study shows that there is a positive correlation between an increase in imports and an increase in job creation in the US economy. This can only be explained by the fact that a loss in jobs in the production sector of the economy is counterbalanced by gain in employment in other sectors of the economy. Therefore, it can be stated that foreign trade has lead to a dec line in the growth of the manufacturing sector with a corresponding growth in other sectors of the US economy (Krol 4). Apart from loss of jobs, Krol also established that expansion of foreign trade does not explain the wage differentials between the skilled and semi skilled. Krol established that the difference in wages between these two groups is explained by technological differences and not trade (Krol 4). Finally, Krol observed that the free trade is beneficial to the economy. The economic benefits (both measurable and non-measurable) exceed the wages paid to workers (Krol 4). A separate research was carried out by James Jackson in the year 2013 (Jackson 6b). In the study, Jackson used the computable general equilibrium model that integrates data on foreign trade and other economic variables for about 100 countries. He also made use of the Michigan Model and Estimates as an extension of the computable general equilibrium model in his study (Jackson 16b). The study was based on cross sectional secondary data. Jackson observed that foreign trade enables countries to use their resource endowment more proficiently. This enables them to maximize the variety of goods and services they provide to their citizens thus increasing their standard of living (Jackson 11b). The author further stated that the economies of the world engage in trade with an aim of maximizing their national interest. Jackson further pointed out that nations engage in trade on the basis of comparative advantage. The author stated that individuals within a nation will tend to focus on areas they have strong skills. Based on this, the citizens will focus on the production of goods and services in the areas they have comparative advantage and exchange with countries that produces other goods and services (Jackson 14b). This creates the concept of exports and imports in international trade. In the paper, Jackson stated that foreign trade alone does not account for the economic expansion or contr action of key variables in the economy such as income level, output level, wage rate, and distribution of income because exports accounted for only about 14 percent (in the year 2012) of the GDP of the country (Jackson 11b). However, the author stated that from the production point of view, foreign trade leads to movement of both labor and capital from productive sectors of the economy to less productive sectors. This strengthens specialization and improves efficiency in the economy. The research conducted by Jackson further reveals that the movement of capital and labor from one sector of the economy to the other results in an adjustment of costs and improvement of efficiency. Further, research conducted by Jackson showed that foreign trade results in consumption gains for the citizens in the form of increase in the variety of goods and services, improved quality and a decline in prices. The research also pointed out that engagement in trade results in economic growth of a country. This can be observed when the impact is measured over a long period of time. The economic growth is strengthened by trade liberalization. Jackson had the same findings in the earlier research paper that was published in the year 2008 (Jackson 27a). Another research was conducted by Oscar Afonso in the year 2001 (Afonso 1). In the paper, the author attempted to explain the economic theories that explain the impact of international trade on economic growth. In the study, Afonso focused on â€Å"the impact of international trade (from a commercial and technological aspect) on physical accumulation and quality of productive factors† (Afonso 1). The author observed that during the classical period, international trade had a positive impact on economic growth. The research further shows that during the neoclassical period, foreign trade did not have an impact on the economic growth of the nations that were being analyzed. This situation was experienced until the 1960’s (Afo nso 27). Further, the author stated that the recent theories have explained better the positive relationship between foreign trade and economic growth. Afonso also pointed out that there is significant empirical evidence to show that trade liberalization tends to impact positively on economic growth. The author pointed that in developed economies, trade liberalization increases the domestic rates of innovation (Afonso 27). Finally, Afonso pointed out that the effect of foreign trade varies depending on the level of growth and development of the trade partners, the level of technological development, and level of human capital development (Afonso 27). Thus, the author stated that countries cannot achieve equal results from foreign trade (Afonso 27). Based on the literature review above, it is evident that engagement in foreign trade generates positive results on an economy. Thus, data for the US economy will be collected to verify the above findings Methodology and Data Data collecti on A comprehensive internet research will be carried out as part of secondary research on the available data about the impacts of foreign trade on the economy of the US. The data will comprise of GDP per capita, population growth rate, capital formation, investment, import, exports, and foreign direct investment (US Department of Commerce 1). These are proxies that will be used to estimate the Cobb-Douglas production function. The weakness in this data is that the proxies might not give a true representation of variables being measured. Specifically, the data will be retrieved from the US Bureau of Commerce website (US Department of Commerce 1). The source is reliable because it is updated by the US Department of Commerce on a periodic basis. The data will cover a period of 33 years, that is, between 1980 and 2012. Scope of the methodology The scope of the methodology is a systematic and a comprehensive method of data collection, grouping, and analysis in order to scientifically app ly reasoning from the analyzed data. As a matter of fact, the result of this process combines outcome and the purpose of the research. As stated by Kothari (2004), a blueprint is transformed into a research design through a series of operational study aimed at drawing a factual outcome comprising of evidence backed claims. The chapter focuses on research design, data collection methods, data processing and analysis. According to Kothari (2004), research design resonates on the facets of research project blueprint that comprise of study of operations to create an efficient outcome that yield the desired information at minimal cost (Kothari 10). In order to achieve the desired outcome, a quality research should assimilate systematic investigation characterized by the phenomenon approach of a scenario through statistical and mathematical computations (Kothari 10). Quantitative research in Secondary data This study will use a systematic quantitative research method in collecting data. R eflectively, non-experimental quantitative research design determines existing or perceived relationship between dependent and independent variables of any given study population (Mugenda and Mugenda 23). In collective quantitative data, past survey instruments will be employed across the study. The study opts for quantitative data collection method since it is economical on time, finance, and energy unlike qualitative method which may not be economical especially when the sample size is put into the picture. However, this method limits natural expression of ideas and attitude towards the study and objective especially in responding to questions asked or reflecting on a secondary thought (US Department of Commerce 1). The researcher will carry out comprehensive internet research as part of secondary research on the available data about the impacts of foreign trade on the economy of the US. The data will comprise of GDP per capita, population growth rate, capital formation, investmen t, import, exports, and foreign direct investment. The data will be analyzed at all levels to present a comprehensive result. Reflectively, the context of secondary data will depend on online research on present, past, and projected future data on the state of foreign trade in the US. Holistic inquiry requires a method for choosing among models that is congruent with holistic philosophy. A comprehensive approach to model design and interpretation will provide a general holistic framework to guide the study. To analyze the data, comparisons with previous studies will be conducted. A summary of the articles and journals will be used to model the solution to the problem. In the analysis phase, the paper examines the impact of foreign trade on the economy of the US as identified in the literature (US Department of Commerce 1). Hypothesis The null hypothesis (Ho): Foreign trade does not have an impact on the US economy Alternative hypothesis (H1): Foreign trade has an impact on the US ec onomy Variable models Regression analysis is a statistical tool that is used to develop and approximate linear relationships among various variables. When coming up with the model, it is necessary to separate between dependent and independent variables. GDP per capita The dependent variable in this analysis is the GDP per capita. This will be used as a proxy for the output level in the Cobb-Douglas production function. It represents Y in the regression model. Population growth The first explanatory variable that will be used in the analysis is the population growth rate. Economic theory suggests that there is negative relationship between population growth rate and GDP per capita. Physical capital stock The second explanatory variable is investment in physical capital stock. In the analysis, capital formation and investment expressed as the percentage of GDP is used as proxies for investment in capital stock. Economic theory suggests that there is positive relationship between inves tment and physical stock and GDP per capita income. Trade The third explanatory variable in the regression analysis is trade. In this analysis, trade is measured using the ratio of the sum of total exports and total imports divided by the amount of GDP. The literature review above suggests that there is positive relationship between international trade and improvement of standards of living (measured using the GDP per capita). Knowledge The final variable is knowledge. The value of foreign direct investment is used as a proxy for knowledge transfer. Economic theory suggests that there is positive relationship between between knowledge transfer and per capita income. Model specification To estimate the impact of international trade on the US economy, the Cobb-Douglas production function is used. The production function takes the form Y = KÃŽ ± * (A * L) ÃŽ ²; ÃŽ ± + ÃŽ ² = 1. The equation can be transformed into linear form by converting the variables into logarithmic form. When usin g the ordinary least squares method, the regression line takes the form The regression equation can be simplified to take the form Y = b0 + b1X1 + b2X2 + b3X3 + b4X4. Thus, from the variables discussed above, the regression line takes the form presented below. YGDP per capita = b0 + b1X (pop + 5) + b2Xinvest + b3Xcapital + b4Xtrade + b5Xknow. Analysis and findings Correlation analysis Correlation coefficient measures the degree of association between two variables. The table in appendix 1 gives a summary of the correlation analysis. The results of correlation coefficient indicate that there is a weak negative relationship between the GDP per capita, and population growth rate (35.02%) and investment (42.65%). Also, indicates that there is a positive negative relationship between the GDP per capita and trade (43.34%). On the other hand, there is a strong negative relationship between GDP per capital and capital (65.36%). Finally, there is a strong positive relationship between GDP p er capita and knowledge (84.25%) (US Department of Commerce 1). Regression results The results of the coefficient of regression analysis are presented in appendix 2. From the regression results, the regression equation can be written as shown below. YGDP per capita = 4.4771 + 0.1995X (pop ) – 0.7927Xinvest + 0.2721Xcapital – 0.0356Xtrade + 0.1576Xknow. The negative coefficients on investment and trade imply that a unit change in the value of each variable result in a decline in the value of GDP per capita. The positive coefficients on population, investment and knowledge imply that a unit change in the value of the each variable result in an increase in the value of GDP per capita. Evaluation of the model A t – test is used to evaluate the statistical significance of the explanatory variables. A two tailed t- test is carried out at 5% significance level. Null hypothesis: Ho: bi = 0 Alternative hypothesis: H1: bi ≠  0 The null hypothesis implies that the var iables are not significant determinants of GDP per capita. The alternative hypothesis implies that variables are significant determinants of GDP per capita. The results of t – test are presented in appendix 3. From the results of the t – test, it can be observed that population growth rate, capital and knowledge are the only significant determinants of GDP per capita. However, trade and investment are not significant determinants of GDP per capita at the 5% level of significance. F–test of the regression models The overall significance of the regression model can be evaluated using an F-test. The test is carried out 5% significance level. Null hypothesis H0: ÃŽ ²0 = ÃŽ ²1 Alternative hypothesis H1: ÃŽ ²j ≠  0, for at least one value of j The null hypothesis implies that the overall regression line is not significant. The alternative hypothesis implies that overall regression line is significant. The value of F-calculated is 44.95 while the value of F-tabula ted is 2.0495. Thus, the null hypothesis is rejected. This implies that the overall linear regression line is significant and can be used in further analysis and predictions. How the results support the competing hypothesis The discussion above shows that there are a number of variables that significantly determine GDP per capita. Also, the discussion shows that the overall regression line is significant. Further, the value of R-square is 89.28%. This implies the explanatory variables explain 89.28% of the variations in the dependent variable. It is an indication of a strong variable. Therefore, the null hypothesis will be rejected and conclude that foreign trade has an impact on the US economy. Conclusions The paper carried out an analysis of the impact of foreign trade on the economy of the US. The Cobb-Douglas production function was used to evaluate the impact of foreign trade on GDP per capita. Various variables were used as proxies for foreign trade. The study shows that indee d foreign trade has an impact on the economy of the US. Specifically, foreign trade has a positive impact on efficiency, accumulation of physical capital stock, and knowledge transfer. The results are consistent with the observations in the literature review section. Works Cited Afonso, Oscar 2001, The Impact of International Trade on Economic Growth. PDF. 06 Nov. 2013. Irwin, Douglas 2006, Historical Aspects of US Trade Policy. Web. Jackson, James 2008a, Trade Agreements: Impact on The US Economy. PDF. 06 Nov. 2013. Jackson, James 2013b, Trade Agreements: Impact on The US Economy. PDF. 06 Nov. 2013. Kothari, Jaipur. Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques, New Delhi: New Age International (P) Limited Publishers, 2004. Print. Krol, Robert 2008, Trade, Protectionism ad the US Economy. PDF. 06 Nov. 2013. McTeer, Bob 2008, The Impact of Foreign Trade on the Economy. PDF. 06 Nov. 2013. Mugenda, Olive, and A. Mugenda. Research Methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches, Nairob i: Acts Press, 2003. Print. Tianzhu, Sun and Cui Riming. â€Å"Exploration on U.S Foreign Trade Deficit Promote Economic Growth.† China Academic Journal Press, (2007): 1003-6547. US Department of Commerce 2013, US Economic Accounts. Web. 06 Nov. 2013. Appendices Appendix 1 –  Correlation coefficients GDP per capita Population growth rate Capital Investment Trade Knowledge GDP per capita 1 Population growth rate -0.3501976 1 Capital -0.6535602 0.4442833 1 Investment -0.4265077 0.2005812 0.845079 1 Trade 0.4334494 -0.0820460 -0.44679 -0.443095 1 Knowledge 0.8424513 -0.3556573 -0.32874 -0.137134 0.425612 1 Appendix 2 –  Coefficient of the variables GDP per capita Intercept 4.477109 Population growth rate 0.199521 Capital -0.79269 Investment 0.272063 Trade -0.03556 Knowledge 0.157751 Appendix 3 –  Results of t – test Variable t – values computed (t at ÃŽ ± 0.05 = 1.9432) Decision b0 25.09364 Reject b1 2.1604 Reject b2 -4.52272 Reject b3 1.155193 Do not reject b4 -1.22699 Do not reject b5 9.699556 Reject This proposal on How Does Foreign Trade Impact on The US Economy? was written and submitted by user Alyvia N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Personality Identifier Essays

Personality Identifier Essays Personality Identifier Paper Personality Identifier Paper Personality Identifier: the four temperaments According to some psychologists, bible scholars and theologians there are four basic temperaments that determine our personality types. Research reveals that this study goes far back as many as a thousand years. When we are able to identify who we really are and our temperamental tendencies, we are better able to regulate ourselves. Being aware of our personal tendencies allows us to create self-control and self-discipline within ourselves to avoid unnecessary pitfalls within our lives. If someone is aware that they are more prone to succumbing depression, that person can lean on God to help them control negative emotions and harmful thoughts that would encourage that depression. Knowing our own personality type better assists us in our relationships with others. Everyone that we do not get along with cannot be deemed evil sometimes its as simple as a clash in personality types. What If that person Is someone that you cannot avoid, Like your boss? Understanding your personality type and your bosses personality type will give you the Information that you need to properly manage that relationship. There Is thing worse than going Into work every day to work for a boss that you do not get along with. But when you can navigate others by identifying their personality type you are more likely to have a better relationship with that person. Aside from boosting our relationships, understanding your personality type can better your ministry, your family relations (especially if you are a parent) and even your business. Although there are four basic temperaments, many of us are a combination of two. The following are examples of the combinations: Mel-Color, Color-San, San-phlegm, Phlegm-Mel, Melisa, Color-Phlegm; as well as the reverse of the latter: Color-Mel, San- Color, Phlegm-San, Melville, San-Mel, and Phlegm-Color. The order of temperaments Is determined based on which temperament was the dominant temperament within an Individual. SANGUINE The first temperament type is called sanguine. This is the most emotional type. The Sanguine is the popular person who wants to fun out of every situation and always wants to be the life of the party. Sanguine love to talk and carry lot of influence. The Sanguine are the easiest to spot because they make grand entrances, love attention, attract people with their magnetism, exude charisma, and tell funny stories. What they want to hear from you is how attractive they are, how you like their hair, make-up, clothes, dangling rhinestone earrings or anything else they have put on to ensure that you notice them. They live for the externals and want you to get excited over their style, sense of humor or new red sports car. Sanguine are popular, talkative and the center of attention at all times, no matter the setting. They are warm, caring, and enjoying?its easy for something to warm tenet near Ana teen nave an tourist AT response. Although at times, teen may speak before they think they are sincere and loving. Never at a loss for words, this extrovert is everybodys friend but this person will also be the first one to forget you. The Sanguine lives for the moment, and tends to go with the flow easily. They are quickly distracted, therefore not very reliable. But shes so lovable that her friends tend to pass off her weaker tendencies, saying, Thats Just the way Sandy is. A person with a sanguine temperament is affectionate, loving, cheerful, optimistic, hopeful, and confident. Because of their bubbly personality, they often appear phony ND comes on too strong. They are apt to dominate the conversation or talk too much about themselves. In their enthusiasm, they may exaggerate the truth, waste time, and forget obligations. The Sanguine has more natural inner-beauty qualities than the other temperame nts. They can work on calmness and on controlling their tongue. This trait can be assisted by using Gods Word, particularly in Colombians 4:6, Let your speech be always with grace, seasoned with salt, that you may know how you ought to answer every man. Sanguine are frequently not disciplined, and this is, of course, very difficult for the third personality yep called melancholy to understand. Sanguine wear their heart on their sleeve, but they very easily forgive and forget. As quickly as a Sanguine will discover a new hobby or pursuit, that love of it can be lost when it ceases to be engaging or fun. An example of a sanguine in the bible is the Apostle Peter. Another example is King Saul. Both were quite unstable in their emotions. That is why even why Jesus changed his name from Simon meaning reed to Peter meaning stone. We saw how Peter changed dramatically when he was filled with the Holy Spirit (see Acts 2 and 3). He came a Christenings, stable, reliable and faithful man of God and one of the greatest apostles that ever lived. This is what happens when we allow the Spirit of God and Gods word to shape our emotional life. CHOLERIC The second temperament or personality type is called choleric. The Choleric is the powerful person who wants to take control of every situation and make decisions for others. Choleric love to work and they possess dominance. They are identified as the Powerful Person and are easy to spot because they walk with authority and appears to be in charge of everything. Such people dont want to waste much time on trivial activity with no obvious results or converse with people who have nothing to say of significance. They are frequently telling other people what to do and pointing out the dummies of life. They accomplish more than any of the other personality types, can quickly assess what needs to be done, and are usually right. They dont need to be affirmed on their looks, but they love praise for their accomplishments; their speed in problem solving; their constant goal setting, their loyalty to God, church, mother, business, or country; and their sense of fair play. If you are a Phlegmatic- the fourth personality type; you get worn out Just watching these people, but if you want them to be impressed with you, tell them how amazed you are at how much teen accomplish In a very snort time. I nee may never nave notable you Detour but they will suddenly see you as a person of great discernment. The Choleric is the no-nonsense person?practicality is her way of life. Self-sufficient, active, and hard- working, the Choleric gets it done. Ill do something, right or wrong, is a phrase that characterizes them. They get the Job done, whether the results are perfect or not. Choleric plan quickly, almost intuitively sizing up what needs to be done, then follows through with the plan. You wont catch them deliberating too long over details. This dogmatic person is a born leader, very keen and capable of responsibility. They will take a stand and stick to it, no matter what?a good and bad aspect of the temperament. As they will not be influenced by what others think and is also the least sensitive or sympathizing of the other four temperaments. You learn to steer clear of the Choleric if you want a shoulder to cry on?theyll Just diagnose your problem and give you a solution. Yet, when you come to understand their personality, they are fun to be around and very capable. The choleric person is an extrovert. They are sure of their ability to handle any situation and can motivate others to action. Their personality perhaps has more weaknesses than strengths. For instance, they are quick tempered and easily angered. Choleric temperaments are irritated easily. The Choleric will have to work at developing the inner beauty of a calm spirit. The person who identifies with this personality type can find in Gods Word the best way to grow, in Philippians 2:13, which says, For it is God which works in you both to will and to do f his good pleasure. The words of James chapter one verse nineteen may also be helpful: Be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath. An example of the choleric in the bible is the Apostle Paul. But when he encountered Christ, he became a very broken and changed man. MELANCHOLY The third temperament is called melancholy, who is also known as the perfect person who wants everything done in order and done properly and who appreciates art and music. Melancholies love to an alyze are cautious. The Melancholy Perfect Person is usually neatly put together and intellectual looking person. These people are usually quiet, reserved, and a little ill-at-ease in social situations where they dont know everyone. They would rather talk quietly with one person in depth than banter with a group. They consider compliments on clothes and external niceties to be trivial and want to hear about the inner virtues of integrity, wisdom, and spiritual values. Often times melancholies marry Sanguine who cant find their way inside these deep virtues and who keep telling them how cute they look. When we dont understand these differences, we are giving out the very treasures that everyone wants but the melancholies. The Melancholy is very sensitive and easily hurt and tends to take what others say in humor as personal and hurtful. Since Sanguine and Choleric say whatever comes to their minds without weighing their words, they often deflate the Melancholy who is waiting for someone to approach them and say, l understand you. And really mean it. The Melancholy is ten analytical, systematic person, won ladder over eat a ills. An extreme Introvert art, teen are constantly analyzing themselves, and others. Though sometimes they can be at the height of happiness, they are more prone to the dark, gloomy and depressed odds, during which they are extremely withdrawn. Not given much to large crowds ?they usually detest group gatherings and doesnt seek to make new acquaintances. They have a few friends, to whom they are extremely faithful. Self-sacrifice is a great pleasure for a Melancholy, and they feel things rather intensely, though you wouldnt always know it. They are the studious, brainier type, and facts roll easily off their tongue. They can hide much away their brain and would rather read or study than interact with others. Gloominess, irritability, and depression characterize the Melancholy. They often times can be sad and unhappy. A melancholic personality type is very frequently gifted with intellect and talent. They are self-disciplined and usually finishes every project they start. The Holy Spirit may have more work to do in the Melancholy because of the need to develop qualities of their inner beauty. The Melancholy will find help in such verses as Colombians 3:15 and 16: And let the peace of God rule in your hearts Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom; teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord. Colombians 3:2 will also help, And set your minds and keep them set on what is above (the higher things), not on the things that are on the earth An example of melancholy in the bible is Moses. When he met God in the burning bush, his life changed, and he became a very meek man. Because of the change within Moses God was truly able to place Moses in his divine destiny, to be a deliverer of Gods people. PHLEGMATIC The fourth personality type is called phlegmatic. The Phlegmatic is the peaceful person who wants to stay out of trouble, keep life on an even plane and get along with everybody. Phlegmatic like to rest and show steadiness. I have met many in my life and it is amazing how quickly we can learn to spot these people therefore giving us the ability to approach them correctly. The Phlegmatic Peaceful Person is amiable, easy to get along with and relaxed. These people fit into any situation, can blend in with the wallpaper and modify their personality to get along without conflict. They laugh with those who laugh and cry with those who cry. Everyone loves the low-key nature of the inoffensive phlegmatic, and though they are not loud like the Sanguine, they do have a witty sense of humor. They often lean while standing and sit in enforceable recliner chairs if at all possible. They dont need a lot of praise like the Sanguine, nor do they want to be in charge like the Choleric or get to deeply involved like the Melancholy. They do appreciate being noticed every once in a while, being included in conversations that they themselves wont push into on their own. Being told that they are of value and their opinion is respected means much to them. Since they often marry Choleric, whose idea of value is wrapped up in how much is accomplished in a given day, they do not get appreciate much Tort tenet quiet Ana gentle split. I nee, In turn, Tina It Doolittle to praise the constant projects of the Choleric because it wears them out Just thinking of them. The phlegmatic is a super introvert. It is difficult to rouse them to action. At times they can be selfish and stubborn but most of the time they are easy to get along with and cheerful. Phlegmatic people are conservative and usually neat, efficient, and dependable. The Phlegmatic is the easy-going, happy-go-lucky person. They are enjoyable to be around, is always happy and gets many pleasures from life, yet he is quite laid-back and doesnt get too excited about much. Phlegmatic would rather take the blame, whether its their fault or not, than stir up controversy or pick a fight. On the Job, they do not seek out the power or the limelight, but rather they work steadily, patiently, and methodically. They are reliable, patient, and methodical in their dealings, and can either work alone or with the most difficult personalities. They naturally have a dry sense of humor and their wittiness keeps their companions laughing constantly. Phlegmatic dont get ruffed about much and is the same, consistent, caring person each time you see them. They tend not to get too involved n things, and would rather sit back and watch the action. A phlegmatic is gracious and kind to all?they love every one and they all love him back. The phlegmatic has some natural inner beauty. Compassion for others is an area they may need to improve. Romans 12:10 says, Be kindly affectionate one to another In honor preferring one another. An example of a phlegmatic in the bible is Abraham. After he listened to Sarah about having a baby with her servant Hager, he did not have a problem with allowing Hager and Shame to live with he and Sarah. Hussars attitude began to change toward Sarah and their relationship become very toxic. Sarah pleaded with Abraham to send Hager and Shame out but Abraham contested.

Environmental Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Environmental Health - Essay Example Environmental Protection Agency, 2012). The definition of medical waste was effectively provided in the Medical Waste tracking Act of 1988 which aptly states its meaning as â€Å""any solid waste that is generated in the diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals, in research pertaining thereto, or in the production or testing of biologicals." This definition includes, but is not limited to: blood-soaked bandages; culture dishes and other glassware; discarded surgical gloves; discarded surgical instruments; discarded needles used to give shots or draw blood (e.g., medical sharps); cultures, stocks, swabs used to inoculate cultures; removed body organs (e.g., tonsils, appendices, limbs); and discarded lancets† (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2012, p. 1). 2. Describe the factors that contribute to its toxicity. Information from the World Health Organization (WHO) revealed that as much as 20% of medical wastes are classified as hazardous which â€Å" may be infectious, toxic or radioactive† (WHO, 2011). The factors that allegedly contribute to its toxicity include presence of micro-organisms, as well as preponderance of specifically identified drug-resistant micro-organisms. Likewise, disposing of these medical wastes improperly could pose indirect risks in terms of release of toxic pollutants. As emphasized, â€Å"incinerated materials containing chlorine can generate dioxins and furans2, which are human carcinogens and have been associated with a range of adverse health effects. Incineration of heavy metals or materials with high metal content (in particular lead, mercury and cadmium) can lead to the spread of toxic metals in the environment† (WHO, 2011, p. 1). 3. Name the environmental and occupational sources of exposure to it. The environmental and occupational sources of exposure to medical wastes include landfills, which â€Å"can contaminate drinking-water if they not properly constructed. Occupational risk s exist at disposal facilities that are not well designed, run, or maintained† (WHO, 2011, p. 1). Likewise, medical wastes which are not properly incinerated pose significant hazards. 4. How is it evaluated and treated? According to the Healthcare Environment Resource Center, medical wastes were previously monitored and regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency; but currently, various states have allegedly taken control and governance. The different regulations that stipulate guidelines and monitor, evaluate and treat medical wastes include: the State Medical Waste Regulations, OSHA Regulations, the US EPA Regulations, as well as the Department of Transportation (DOT) Regulations (Healthcare Environment Resource Center, n.d.). 5. What action could you, the nurse, take to reduce exposure of yourself, your co-workers, patients, and the community? As a nurse, the action that must be taken to reduce exposure to medical wastes include adherence to safety procedures as prescr ibed by OSHA and infection control. Likewise, proper disposal in designated waste receptacles must be followed. In addition, the role of nurses in educating other health care practitioners on its hazard and possible effects, if contaminated, should be enforced as a firm advocate for promoting a safe and secure environment. 6. List at least three web sources about it. References Healthcare Enviro

Wagmatcook culture & hartige centre, Cape Breton,canada 866-295-2999 Research Paper

Wagmatcook culture & hartige centre, Cape Breton,canada 866-295-2999 - Research Paper Example This centre was opened in the year 2001 and is dedicated in reviving the Mi’kmaq culture. An ancient tools collections, A wigwam of real size, photos of the Mi’kmaq people while catching salmon, hunting for caribou, and making baskets portray the Wagmatcook Culture & Heritage Centre’s theme, which is, â€Å"The Way a Mi’kmaq Lives.† Wagmatcook Culture & Heritage Centre is home to a display and heritage exhibition of Mi’kmaq cultural artifacts. There are special activities in this great facility’s hall which include dancing, drumming, and storytelling which are done by the community’s elders. Tourists and visitors get a chance to sample the traditional Mi’kmaq foods including â€Å"four cent cake,† roasted venison, and eel stew which are offered at the Centre’s restaurant. Visitors can also shop for beadwork, baskets, Mi’kmaq regalia, quill-work, and original artwork and paintings. The Wagmatcook Cultu re & Heritage Centre opens daily, all year-round (Wagmatcook.com, 1). Cape Breton Island, where Wagmatcook Culture & Heritage aboriginal site is located, is in the Nova Scotia province of Canada. It is a 3,981  sq  mi (10,311  km2) island, which is 18.7% of Nova Scotia’s total area. Even though, the Strait of Canso physically separates it from the Nova Scotia peninsula, they are artificially connected by the Canso causeway for easy transport. Cape Breton’s landmass upwardly slopes from south to north, hence culminating in the Northern Cape islands. The first residents of the Cape Breton Island were the Maritime Archaic natives who are ancestors to the Mi'kmaq people who were the island’s inhabitants at the time of discovery by the Europeans (Wagmatcook.com, 1). The Wagmatcook people history dates back many centuries. The reservation was, however, not established officially until May 2nd, 1834 by Sir Peregrine Maitland. He has been referred as the gentleman who refused to accede to the Scottish settler’s wishes of removing the Native people from the West-Side Middle River’s mouth. The centre’s operation is part of the five year development strategy by the Wagmatcook Band Council. The Wagmatcook Culture & Heritage Centre’s future plans include featuring an interpretive village offering marine opportunities and outdoor activities and travelling exhibits (religious and medicinal themes). The Smithsonian Institute possesses some four thousand artifacts collected from the Wagmatcook First Nation community (Wagmatcook.com, 1). A tour inside the Wagmatcook Culture & Heritage Center entails visiting interpretive exhibits with available guides, and witnessing first-hand the Mi'kmaq people way of life over the past centuries. The centre offers craft shops where local artisans demonstrate their craftsmanship which has been passed over for generations. You can experience the Mi'kmaq culture through story-telling, drumm ing, and dancing. Traditional foods of the Mi'kmaq people are available at the Clean Wave Restaurant inside the museum. These include eel stew, stewed venison or roasted, rabbit, deer, moose, poached salmon, four-cent cake, lis'knikn, and bannock. There is a variety of souvenirs available for sale including; beadwork (bookmarkers, necklaces, etc.), baskets, earrings, bracelets